Posted Sep 13, 2006 at 09:15AM by KJM Listed in: Astrophysics, Astronomy, Celestial Bodies Tags: Jupiter, Saturn, Pluto, Neptune, Astronomer, Kuiper Belt
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PlutoLast month, Pluto was tossed out of the family of planets by the International Astronomical Union - but perhaps its not all bad, because even as Pluto has lost one family, it seems to have gained another.


Today, the "hot new thing" in planetary science is the Kuiper Belt - a ring of icy debris that orbits outside the Solar System proper. Many of these "Kuiper objects" - of which Pluto is now considered a part - is the "attic of the solar system," a veritable archaeological treasure house of artifacts dating from its earliest days.


Astronomers have identified some 1,100 Kuiper Belt objects , and there may be has many as half a million more. Many of these bodies are larger than 20 miles wide. One appears to be mostly rock with a coating of ice. Some are big snowballs. Some are less dense than ice, indicating a Swiss-cheese-like structure. A lot of them have moons. "The more we learn, the weirder it looks," says Harold Levinson of the Southwest Research Institute in Boulder, Colorado.


Many Kuiper Belt objects have orbits similar to Pluto’s, and have been dubbed the "Plutinos."

Like Pluto, these have orbits, often at a sharp angle to the rest of the solar system. At least one of these -  nicknamed "Xena" -  is larger than Pluto.


Less than twenty years ago, the Kuiper Belt was not even on  maps of the solar system. Pluto (actually Neptune at that time, since Pluto had slipped inside Neptunian orbit) marked the outer limit. An astronomer during the 1950's, Gerard Kuiper (for whom the belt is named) theorized that such a region of small objects had existed at one point, but that Pluto (at the time believed to be much larger than it is) had pushed them out of our region of space.


The existence of Pluto - being a "rocky" planet that is half ice, with its tilted and irregular orbit - provided the first clues to astronomers that there was something else out there beyond the known solar system. Considering was these objects are teaching scientists about the formation of the solar system, this would seem to more than compensate Pluto for its elimination from the planetary roll.


[Via New York Times] Permalink  |   Email this  |   Linking Blogs   |   Digg It!

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